cyberTao

The development of the concept of feedback combined with the generalization to open systems was undertaken in '40s by a very eclectic group of people, first of all Norbert Wiener, who defined the term Cybernetics deriving it from the greek Kybernetes (helmsman, pilot) and interpreted as "Control and communication in the animal and the machine" with the hope of a "Human use of Human beings".

Simple cybernetics or first cybernetics, was proposed as a system synthesis to study the design and construction of artificial systems, not necessarily starting from an existing biological system, having as ultimate goal the creation of systems capable of self-organization, ie to offer themselves their own purpose. As analysis aims to provide a range of methods for describing the system. Cybernetics is a science typically interdisciplinary science that is a liaison between various disciplines such as engineering, biology, mathematics, logic, etc.., Who studies animal behavior and any system comparable to a living organism.

The formal theory of machines was developed from feedback Ross Ashby in two key texts:

Two papers are particularly important at this early stage of cybernetics, both of 1943.
In the first,"Behavior, Purpose and Teleology" by Arturo Rosenblueth, Norbert Wiener and Julian Bigelow in Philosophy of Science, 10(1943), S. 18–24, examines the behavior of the feedbacked machines and argues that the overall behavior of the system has characteristics of Teleology (from the greek telos, "end, purpose"), understood as the philosophical study that assumes that there is a plan, a purpose, a directive, a principle or a purpose in the works and natural processes, illustrated in the following levels of description:

In the second Warren McCulloch e Walter Pitts developed a logical calculus of neuronal activity.

AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR CYBERNETICS

Wich Tao?

the Teh of Tao

- 5 -

The Tao doesn't take sides;
it gives birth to both good and evil.
The Master doesn't take sides;
she welcomes both saints and sinners.

The Tao is like a bellows:
it is empty yet infinitely capable.
The more you use it, the more it produces;
the more you talk of it, the less you understand.

Hold on to the center.

Orange Tao

~Elexxibux on

Sorrow (9 of Swords)

The image is of Ananda, the cousin and disciple of Gautam Buddha. He was at Buddha's side constantly, attending to his every need for forty-two years. When Buddha died, the story is told that Ananda was still at his side, weeping. The other disciples chastised him for his misunderstanding: Buddha had died absolutely fulfilled; he should be rejoicing. But Ananda said, "You misunderstand. I'm weeping not for him but for myself, because for all these years I have been constantly at his side but I have still not attained." Ananda stayed awake for the whole night, meditating deeply and feeling his pain and sorrow. By the morning, it is said, he was enlightened. Times of great sorrow have the potential to be times of great transformation. But in order for transformation to happen we must go deep, to the very roots of our pain, and experience it as it is, without blame or self-pity.

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This pain is not to make you sad, remember. That's where people go on missing.... This pain is just to make you more alert--because people become alert only when the arrow goes deep into their heart and wounds them. Otherwise they don't become alert. When life is easy, comfortable, convenient, who cares? Who bothers to become alert? When a friend dies, there is a possibility. When your woman leaves you alone--those dark nights, you are lonely. You have loved that woman so much and you have staked all, and then suddenly one day she is gone. Crying in your loneliness, those are the occasions when, if you use them, you can become aware. The arrow is hurting: it can be used. The pain is not to make you miserable, the pain is to make you more aware! And when you are aware, misery disappears.

What the hell are you doing with that Tao Eugene? Eugene???! Eugene NOOOOOO!

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Tao level 0: Tao Diagrams

The Feynman Diagrams are a brilliant graphical tool designed in the 40s by the Nobel Prize in Physics 1965 Richard Feynman, to display in the form of graph or chart the interaction (scattering) made between elementary particles in Quantum Field Theory and in the Quantum Electrodynamics (QED), providing an immediate visual representation of complex quantum field solutions based on the interaction probability.


The particles are represented by lines that may be of various kinds depending on the type of particle they are associated. A point where the lines intersect is called the interaction point, or just the top. The lines are divided into three categories: internal lines (which connect two vertices), incoming lines (which come from the past and come into a vertex and representing the originally non-interacting) and outgoing lines (which start at a vertex and extend "the future" and the final states are not interacting). Sometimes the tables are turned and the past is down, and the future high.
For example in the floor of the University of British Columbia is reproduced a Feynman diagram involving an electron and a positron (the antiparticle of the electron).. The wave line represents the exchange of a photon interaction. The horizontal axis represents the vertical space and time. Note that a particle, the positron, is represented as an electron traveling backward in time.


The Feynman diagrams are pictorial representations of a time series of the perturbative scattering amplitude for a process defined by the initial and final states. In some quantum field theories (like QED), one can obtain excellent approximations of the scattering amplitude from few terms of the perturbation series corresponding to a few simple Feynman diagrams with the same incoming and outgoing lines connected to different vertices and internal lines . A more complex diagram is less likely to happen, but it is never zero if the diagram is feasible.
The Feynman diagrams are just a graph, there is not the concept of location or space, nor time apart from the distinction of incoming and outgoing lines. Moreover, only one set of Feynman diagrams can be said to represent a given interaction, the particles do not "choose" a particular diagram every time they interact.

Even without interaction with other the same particle can emit and absorb other particles, called virtual:

In these diagrams, for example an electron in an electromagnetic field (continuous double line) may have the following behaviors: (a) emits and absorbs a virtual photon (wavy line) ;(b) emits and absorbs a virtual electron-positron pair (double circle ); (c) emits a photon and immediately after another, with an overlap in time; (d) where the virtual electron-positron pair is emitted electron emits a virtual photon is absorbed.
A single particle may divides into its components and then recompose, as in the case of a proton p:

There is even no need for the presence of a "real" particle since in vacuum a continuous creations of pairs of virtual particles (vacuum polarization) happens:

The Feynman diagrams are well representative of the enormous probabilistic dynamic existing at level 0.

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