The dream, or myth, of theoretical physics is Unified Field Theory , a quantum-relativistic theory that unifies the four forces of gravity, electromagnetic and nuclear weak/strong and provides all the entities of the standard model.
A theory of this scale would bring back the level 0 to the 800'successes of classical physics, when it seemed that everything in the physical universe were known or knowable, and possibly formally describable.
To date the best result in this direction was achieved in 1967-68 by Nobel Laureates in Physics 1979 Sheldon Glashow, Abdus Salam e Steven Weinberg integrating the weak nuclear force with electromagnetism in the electroweak theory.
Many problems do believe that a unification of this kind is almost impossible:
- the fact that gravity seems essentially non-quantistic and therefore not integrable with other quantum field equations. The research of the quantum of gravity, the graviton, is currently only a hypothesis.
- the fact that there are at least two models of particles, the standard one and the cosmological, not compatible each other.
- the fact that the most advanced theories of integration such as string theory, superstrings and M-theory, though with significant theoretical results seem more some sophisticated mathematical artifices, whose conclusions are not provable by experiment.
- at a more fundamental level the Gödel's incompleteness theorems, show that the validity of a formal theory is not deductible from the theory itself but only from a wider theory, or meta-theory.
The dream of some authors about the Unified Theory is to find the "signature of God", a particular formal sign indicating the basic structure of our Universe.
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